node

This package is the successor of zodict.

Overview

Data structures could be described as tree. Some are by nature treeish, like XML documents, LDAP directories or filesystem directory trees, while others could be treaten as.

Further, python has elegant ways for customizing all sorts of datamodel related API. The dictionary container type fits almost completely the purpose of representing a node of a tree. The same API is also described in zope.interface.common.mapping.IFullMapping. Additionaly a node must provide hierarchy information. In this case the contract of zope.location.interfaces.ILocation is used.

Having data structures as such trees has some advantages:

• Unified data access API to different data models and/or sources
• Trees are traversable in both directions
• Once in memory, node trees are fast to deal with
• Software working on node trees may not need to know about internal data structures, as long as the node tree implementation provides the correct interface contracts

Usage

node ships with some "ready-to-import-and-use" nodes.

An unordered node. This can be used as base for trees where oder of items doesn't matter:

>>> from node.base import BaseNode
>>> root = BaseNode(name='root')
>>> root['child'] = BaseNode()
>>> root.printtree()
<class 'node.base.BaseNode'>: root
  <class 'node.base.BaseNode'>: child

An ordered node. Order of items is preserved:

>>> from node.base import OrderedNode
>>> root = OrderedNode(name='orderedroot')
>>> root['foo'] = OrderedNode()
>>> root['bar'] = OrderedNode()
>>> root.printtree()
<class 'node.base.OrderedNode'>: orderedroot
  <class 'node.base.OrderedNode'>: foo
  <class 'node.base.OrderedNode'>: bar

>>> root.items()
[('foo', <OrderedNode object 'foo' at ...>),
('bar', <OrderedNode object 'bar' at ...>)]

A full API description of the node interface can be found at node.interfaces.INode.

A more fine granular control of node functionality

node utilizes the plumber package.

Thus, different behaviors of nodes are provided by plumbing behaviors. Read the documentation of plumber for details about the plumbing system:

>>> from plumber import plumber
>>> from node.behaviors import (
...     Nodespaces,
...     Attributes,
...     Lifecycle,
...     NodeChildValidate,
...     Adopt,
...     DefaultInit,
...     Nodify,
...     OdictStorage,
... )

>>> class CustomNode(object):
...     __metaclass__ = plumber
...     __plumbing__ = (
...         Nodespaces,
...         Attributes,
...         Lifecycle,
...         NodeChildValidate,
...         Adopt,
...         DefaultInit,
...         Nodify,
...         OdictStorage,
...     )

>>> dir(CustomNode)
['__class__', '__contains__', '__delattr__', '__delitem__',
'__dict__', '__doc__', '__format__', '__getattribute__',
'__getitem__', '__hash__', '__implemented__', '__init__',
'__iter__', '__len__', '__metaclass__', '__module__', '__name__',
'__new__', '__nonzero__', '__parent__', '__plumbing__',
'__plumbing_stacks__', '__provides__', '__reduce__',
'__reduce_ex__', '__repr__', '__setattr__', '__setitem__',
'__sizeof__', '__str__', '__subclasshook__', '__weakref__',
'_nodespaces', '_notify_suppress', 'acquire', 'allow_non_node_childs',
'attribute_access_for_attrs', 'attributes', 'attributes_factory',
'attrs', 'clear', 'copy', 'deepcopy', 'detach', 'events', 'filtereditems',
'filtereditervalues', 'filteredvalues', 'get', 'has_key', 'items',
'iteritems', 'iterkeys', 'itervalues', 'keys', 'name', 'noderepr',
'nodespaces', 'parent', 'path', 'pop', 'popitem', 'printtree',
'root', 'setdefault', 'storage', 'update', 'values']

As dir call shows, CustomNode class was plumbed using given behaviors, now defining a complete INode implementation with some additional behaviours and is now ready to use:

>>> node = CustomNode()
>>> node['child'] = CustomNode()
>>> node.printtree()
<class 'CustomNode'>: None
  <class 'CustomNode'>: child

>>> from node.interfaces import INode
>>> INode.providedBy(node)
True

Behaviors

node package provides several plumbing behaviors:

node.behaviors.DefaultInit

Plumbing part providing default __init__ function on node. See node.interfaces.IDefaultInit.

node.behaviors.Nodify

Plumbing part to Fill in gaps for full INode API. See node.interfaces.INodify.

node.behaviors.Adopt

Plumbing part that provides adoption of children. See node.interfaces.IAdopt.

node.behaviors.NodeChildValidate

Plumbing part for child node validation. See node.interfaces.INodeChildValidate.

node.behaviors.UnicodeAware

Plumbing part to ensure unicode for keys and string values. See node.interfaces.IUnicodeAware.

node.behaviors.Alias

Plumbing part that provides aliasing of child keys. See node.interfaces.IAlias.

node.behaviors.AsAttrAccess

Plumbing part to get node as IAttributeAccess implementation. See node.interfaces.IAsAttrAccess.

node.behaviors.ChildFactory

Plumbing part providing child factories which are invoked at __getitem__ if object by key is not present at plumbing endpoint yet. See node.interfaces.IChildFactory.

node.behaviors.FixedChildren

Plumbing part that initializes a fixed dictionary as children. See node.interfaces.IFixedChildren.

node.behaviors.GetattrChildren

Plumbing part for child access via __getattr__, given the attribute name is unused. See node.interfaces.IGetattrChildren.

node.behaviors.Nodespaces

Plumbing part for providing nodespaces on node. See node.interfaces.INodespaces.

node.behaviors.Attributes

Plumbing part to provide attributes on node. Requires node.behaviors.Nodespaces part. See node.interfaces.IAttributes.

node.behaviors.Lifecycle

Plumbing part taking care of lifecycle events. See node.interfaces.ILifecycle.

node.behaviors.AttributesLifecycle

Plumbing part for handling ifecycle events at attributes manipulation. See node.interfaces.IAttributesLifecycle.

node.behaviors.Invalidate

Plumbing part for node invalidation. See node.interfaces.Invalidate.

node.behaviors.Cache

Plumbing part for caching. See node.interfaces.ICache.

node.behaviors.Order

Plumbing part for ordering support. See node.interfaces.IOrder.

node.behaviors.UUIDAware

Plumbing part providing a uuid on nodes. See node.interfaces.IUUIDAware.

node.behaviors.Reference

Plumbing part holding an index of all nodes contained in the tree. See node.interfaces.IReference.

node.behaviors.Storage

Provide abstract storage access. See node.interfaces.IStorage.

node.behaviors.DictStorage

Provide dictionary storage. See node.interfaces.IStorage.

node.behaviors.OdictStorage

Provide ordered dictionary storage. See node.interfaces.IStorage.

Migration

A node which behaves like zodict.Node is contained at node.base.Node. This node is supposed to be used for migration from zodict.

It's also useful to take a look of which behaviors the original node is build of.

Probably an implementation does not need all the behaviors at once. In this case define the node plumbing directly on node class instead of inheriting from node.base.Node.

TestCoverage

Summary of the test coverage report:

lines   cov%   module
   62   100%   node.base
   34   100%   node.behaviors.__init__
  112   100%   node.behaviors.alias
   43   100%   node.behaviors.attributes
   53   100%   node.behaviors.cache
  132   100%   node.behaviors.common
   58   100%   node.behaviors.lifecycle
  125   100%   node.behaviors.mapping
   35   100%   node.behaviors.nodespace
   85   100%   node.behaviors.nodify
  112   100%   node.behaviors.order
   85   100%   node.behaviors.reference
   30   100%   node.behaviors.storage
   21   100%   node.events
  133   100%   node.interfaces
   23   100%   node.locking
    1   100%   node.testing.__init__
   62   100%   node.testing.base
   24   100%   node.testing.env
  215   100%   node.testing.fullmapping
   29   100%   node.tests
  121   100%   node.utils

Contributors

• Robert Niederreiter <rnix __at__ squarewave __dot__ at>
• Florian Friesdorf <flo __at__ chaoflow __dot__ net>
• Jens Klein <jens __at__ bluedynamics __dot__ com>

Changes

0.9.8

• Deprecate the use of node.parts. Use node.behaviors instead. [rnix, 2012-07-28]
• Adopt to plumber 1.2 [rnix, 2012-07-28]

0.9.7

• Introduce node.interfaces.IOrdered Marker interface. Set this interface on node.parts.storage.OdictStorage. [rnix, 2012-05-21]
• node.parts.mapping.ClonableMapping now supports deepcopy. [rnix, 2012-05-18]
• Use zope.interface.implementer instead of zope.interface.implements all over the place. [rnix, 2012-05-18]
• Remove superfluos interfaces. [rnix, 2012-05-18]
• Remove Zodict from node.utils. [rnix, 2012-05-18]
• Remove AliasedNodespace, use Alias part instead. [rnix, 2012-05-18]
• Move aliaser objects from node.aliasing to node.parts.alias. [rnix, 2012-05-18]
• Remove composition module. [rnix, 2012-05-18]
• Remove bbb module. [rnix, 2012-05-18]

0.9.6

• Do not inherit node.parts.Reference from node.parts.UUIDAware. [rnix, 2012-01-30]
• Set uuid in node.parts.Reference.__init__ plumb. [rnix, 2012-01-30]

0.9.5

• add node.parts.nodify.Nodify.acquire function. [rnix, 2011-12-05]
• add node.parts.ChildFactory plumbing part. [rnix, 2011-12-04]
• add node.parts.UUIDAware plumbing part. [rnix, 2011-12-02]
• fix node.parts.Order.swap in order to work with pickled nodes. [rnix, 2011-11-28]
• use node.name instead of node.__name__ in node.parts.nodify.Nodify.path. [rnix, 2011-11-17]
• add swap to node.parts.Order. [rnix, 2011-10-05]
• add insertfirst and insertlast to node.parts.Order. [rnix, 2011-10-02]

0.9.4

• add node.utils.debug decorator. [rnix, 2011-07-23]
• remove non storage contract specific properties from node.aliasing.AliasedNodespace [rnix, 2011-07-18]
• node.aliasing test completion [rnix, 2011-07-18]
• Add non strict functionality to node.aliasing.DictAliaser for accessing non aliased keys as is as fallback [rnix, 2011-07-18]
• Consider INode implementing objects in node.utils.StrCodec [rnix, 2011-07-16]
• Remove duplicate implements in storage parts [rnix, 2011-05-16]

0.9.3

• Increase test coverage [rnix, 2011-05-09]
• Add interfaces IFixedChildren and IGetattrChildren for related parts. [rnix, 2011-05-09]
• Rename Unicode part to UnicodeAware. [rnix, 2011-05-09]
• Add node.utils.StrCodec. [rnix, 2011-05-09]
• Inherit INodify interface from INode. [rnix, 2011-05-08]
• Locking tests. Add time.sleep after thread start. [rnix, 2011-05-08]
• Cleanup BaseTester, remove sorted_output flag (always sort), also search class bases for detection in wherefrom. [rnix, 2011-05-08]
• Remove useless try/except in utils.AttributeAccess. [rnix, 2011-05-08]
• Add instance_property decorator to utils. [rnix, 2011-05-06]
• Add FixedChildren and GetattrChildren parts. [chaoflow, 2011-04-22]

0.9.2

• Add __nonzero__ on Nodifiy part always return True. [rnix, 2011-03-15]

0.9.1

• Provide node.base.Node with same behavior like zodict.Node for migration purposes. [rnix, 2011-02-08]

0.9

• Make it work [rnix, chaoflow, et al]