Code2MCP: Transforming Code Repositories into MCP Services

Chaoqian Ouyang (欧阳超前)*,     Ling YUE (岳凌)*,     Shimin Di (邸世民)✉,     Libin Zheng (郑立彬)✉,    

Linan Yue (岳立楠),     Shaowu Pan (潘韶武),     Jian Yin (印鉴),     Min-Ling Zhang (张敏灵),    

* Equal Contribution ✉ Corresponding Author

Project Overview

Code2MCP is an automated workflow system that transforms existing code repositories into MCP (Model Context Protocol) services. The system follows a minimal intrusion principle, preserving the original repository's core code while only adding service-related files and tests.

Core Features

1. Intelligent Code Analysis

   • LLM-powered deep code structure analysis
   • Automatic identification of core modules, functions, and classes
   • Smart generation of MCP service code

2. MCP Service Generation

   • Automatic generation of mcp_service.py, adapter.py, and other core files
   • Support for multiple project structures (src/, source/, root directory, etc.)
   • Intelligent handling of import paths and dependency relationships

3. Workflow Automation

   • Complete 7-node workflow: download → analysis → env → generate → run → review → finalize
   • Automatic environment configuration and test validation
   • Comprehensive logging and status tracking
   • Intelligent error recovery and retry mechanisms

4. End-to-End Automation

   • Automated deployment to HuggingFace Spaces
   • Automatic client configuration (Cursor/Claude Code)
   • One command from code to production

Quick Start

1. Environment Setup

Copy the environment variables template:

cp env_example.txt .env

Edit the .env file to configure necessary environment variables.

2. Install Dependencies

pip install -r requirements.txt

3. Run Workflow

# Basic usage
python main.py https://github.com/username/repo

# Specify output directory
python main.py https://github.com/username/repo --output ./my_output

End-to-End Automation

What Happens:

1. Analyzes code and generates MCP service ✓
2. Deploys to HuggingFace Spaces ✓
3. Configures Cursor/Claude Code ✓
4. Ready to use immediately ✓

Workflow Process

1. Download Node: Clone repository to workspace/{repo_name}/
2. Analysis Node: LLM deep analysis of code structure and functionality
3. Env Node: Create isolated environment and validate original project
4. Generate Node: Intelligently generate MCP service code
5. Run Node: Execute service and perform functional validation
6. Review Node: Code quality review, error analysis, and automatic fixes
7. Finalize Node: Compile results and generate comprehensive report

Output Structure

Complete structure for each converted project:

Successfully Converted Project Examples

• UFL: Finite element symbolic language → MCP finite element analysis
• dalle-mini: Higher-quality, controllable text-to-image → MCP image generation
• ESM: Protein structure/variant scoring (real artifacts) → MCP protein analysis
• deep-searcher: Query rewrite, multi-hop, credible sources → MCP search
• TextBlob: Deterministic tokenize/POS/sentiment → MCP NLP preprocessing
• dateutil: Correct timezones/rrule edge cases → MCP time utilities
• sympy: Exact symbolic math/solve/codegen → MCP math reasoning

Key Features

• Smart Import Handling: Automatic identification of correct module import paths
• Professional Documentation: Automatic generation of English README and comments
• Comprehensive Test Coverage: Includes basic functionality tests and health checks
• Detailed Report Generation: Provides complete conversion process reports
• Intelligent Dependency Management: Automatic handling of complex Python package dependencies

Usage Example

python main.py https://github.com/username/repo

Using Converted MCP Services with Your AI Agent

You can configure MCP services converted by Code2MCP for use in your AI agent (e.g., Cursor). Below are instructions and some examples to help you get started.

Example Pre-Converted MCP Services

Here are a few examples you can use right away:

• ESM: For advanced protein analysis and structure prediction.

  "esm": {
    "url": "https://kabuda777-Code2MCP-esm.hf.space/mcp"
  }

• SymPy: For powerful symbolic and numerical mathematics.

  "sympy": {
    "url": "https://kabuda777-Code2MCP-sympy.hf.space/mcp"
  }

How to Configure in Cursor

Automatic (Recommended): Set AUTO_CONNECT_CLIENT=cursor in .env, the service will be configured automatically after deployment.

Manual:

1. Open MCP configuration file: ~/.cursor/mcp.json (or C:\Users\[Username]\.cursor\mcp.json on Windows)
2. Add the service configuration in mcpServers
3. Restart Cursor

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Citation

If you use Code2MCP in your research, please cite our paper:

@article{ouyang2025code2mcp,
  title={Code2MCP: Transforming Code Repositories into MCP Services},
  author={Ouyang, Chaoqian and Yue, Ling and Di, Shimin and Zheng, Libin and Yue, Linan and Pan, Shaowu and Yin, Jian and Zhang, Min-Ling},
  journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2509.05941},
  year={2025}
}