feat(android): Add ApplicationStartInfo API support for Android 15+

[markushi]

📜 Description

Adds support for Android 15+ (API 35) ApplicationStartInfo API to collect detailed app startup timing data and create a custom transaction with enriched AppStartMetrics spans.

Key Features:

• Uses ActivityManager.addApplicationStartInfoCompletionListener() to capture startup data when current launch completes
• Creates transactions with op app.start.info and name app.start.{reason} (e.g., app.start.launcher)
• Includes detailed timing spans:
  • app.start.bind_application - Time from fork to bind application
  • app.start.application_oncreate - Time from fork to Application.onCreate
  • app.start.ttid - Time to initial display (first frame)
  • app.start.ttfd - Time to full display (fully drawn)
• Enriches with AppStartMetrics data:
  • Content provider onCreate spans with class names
  • Application.onCreate description with class name
• Tags include: start.reason, start.type (cold/warm/hot), start.launch_mode

Implementation Details:

• Opt-in feature via SentryAndroidOptions.setEnableApplicationStartInfo(boolean) (disabled by default)
• Uses completion listener approach (no historical data collection)
• All spans start from fork time showing cumulative timing

💡 Motivation and Context

Implements #6228

💚 How did you test it?

• Added comprehensive unit tests (11 tests in ApplicationStartInfoIntegrationTest)
• Added integration test in AndroidOptionsInitializerTest

📝 Checklist

• I added tests to verify the changes.
• No new PII added or SDK only sends newly added PII if sendDefaultPII is enabled.
• No breaking change or entry added to the changelog.
• No breaking change for hybrid SDKs or communicated to hybrid SDKs.

🔮 Next steps

• May add additional tags when more data becomes available in future Android API levels

[github-actions]

Semver Impact of This PR

🟡 Minor (new features)

📋 Changelog Preview

This is how your changes will appear in the changelog.
Entries from this PR are highlighted with a left border (blockquote style).

---

New Features ✨

• (android) Add ApplicationStartInfo API support for Android 15+ by markushi in #5056

Internal Changes 🔧

• (android) Update targetSdk to API 36 (Android 16) by markushi in #5016
• (ci) Write permission for statuses in changelog preview by supervacuus in #5053

---

_{🤖 This preview updates automatically when you update the PR.}

[github-actions]

	Fails
🚫	Please consider adding a changelog entry for the next release.

	Messages
📖	Do not forget to update Sentry-docs with your feature once the pull request gets approved.

Instructions and example for changelog

Please add an entry to CHANGELOG.md to the "Unreleased" section. Make sure the entry includes this PR's number.

Example:

## Unreleased

### Features

- Add ApplicationStartInfo API support for Android 15+ ([#5056](https://github.com/getsentry/sentry-java/pull/5056))

If none of the above apply, you can opt out of this check by adding #skip-changelog to the PR description or adding a skip-changelog label.

Generated by 🚫 dangerJS against 2226b2d

[github-actions]

Performance metrics 🚀

	Plain	With Sentry	Diff
Startup time	307.57 ms	360.40 ms	52.83 ms
Size	1.58 MiB	2.19 MiB	622.66 KiB

Baseline results on branch: main

Startup times

Revision	Plain	With Sentry	Diff
dba088c	333.98 ms	381.16 ms	47.18 ms
91bb874	310.68 ms	359.24 ms	48.56 ms
d15471f	315.61 ms	360.22 ms	44.61 ms
27d7cf8	314.17 ms	347.00 ms	32.83 ms
a5ab36f	316.83 ms	394.54 ms	77.71 ms
5b66efd	308.67 ms	363.85 ms	55.18 ms
abfcc92	337.38 ms	427.39 ms	90.00 ms
fc5ccaf	279.11 ms	353.34 ms	74.23 ms
fcec2f2	328.91 ms	387.75 ms	58.84 ms
dba088c	365.46 ms	366.31 ms	0.85 ms

App size

Revision	Plain	With Sentry	Diff
dba088c	1.58 MiB	2.13 MiB	558.99 KiB
91bb874	1.58 MiB	2.13 MiB	559.07 KiB
d15471f	1.58 MiB	2.13 MiB	559.54 KiB
27d7cf8	1.58 MiB	2.12 MiB	549.42 KiB
a5ab36f	1.58 MiB	2.12 MiB	555.26 KiB
5b66efd	1.58 MiB	2.13 MiB	559.07 KiB
abfcc92	1.58 MiB	2.13 MiB	557.31 KiB
fc5ccaf	1.58 MiB	2.13 MiB	557.54 KiB
fcec2f2	1.58 MiB	2.12 MiB	551.50 KiB
dba088c	1.58 MiB	2.13 MiB	558.99 KiB